{"id":2459,"date":"2022-12-22T12:45:57","date_gmt":"2022-12-22T10:45:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/?page_id=2459"},"modified":"2023-05-02T13:38:03","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T11:38:03","slug":"sahkokriisin-syyt-ja-ratkaisut","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/sahkokriisin-syyt-ja-ratkaisut\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisin syyt ja ratkaisut"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2459\" class=\"elementor elementor-2459\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3cf74cf8 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"3cf74cf8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-192feb2c\" data-id=\"192feb2c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-781e49b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"781e49b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"208\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-forus_valk-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-forus_valk-1.png 858w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-forus_valk-1-300x78.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-forus_valk-1-768x200.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b4535f8\" data-id=\"5b4535f8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a61d0f6 elementor-nav-menu__align-justify elementor-nav-menu--stretch elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"5a61d0f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;full_width&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-framed e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-5a61d0f6\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1928\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/palvelumme\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Palvelut<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4725\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/forscale-hankekehittaminen-ja-skaalaus\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">ForScale: hankekehitys &#038; skaalaus<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2017\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/palvelumme\/verkkoaurinkovoima\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Verkkoaurinkovoima<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5335\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/konsultointi\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Konsultointi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-2922\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/hankkeemme\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Hankkeemme<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5422\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/foralgaeoy\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">ForAlgae Oy<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5049\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/hankkeemme\/biojalostus\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Biojalostus<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4770\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/hankkeemme\/hiilensidonta-jokiin\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Hiilensidonta jokiin<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4765\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/verkkoaurinkovoima\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Aurinkovoima<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1932\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/ajankohtaista\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Ajankohtaista<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1933\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/meista\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Meist\u00e4<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2555\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/avoimet-tyopaikat\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Avoimet ty\u00f6paikat<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1934\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/ota-yhteytta\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Ota yhteytt\u00e4<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"trp-language-switcher-container menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-language_switcher current-language-menu-item menu-item-2571\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2459\" class=\"elementor-item\"><span data-no-translation><span class=\"trp-ls-language-name\">EN<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"trp-language-switcher-container menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-language_switcher current-language-menu-item menu-item-2573\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2459\" class=\"elementor-item\"><span data-no-translation><span class=\"trp-ls-language-name\">FI<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Menu<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-5a61d0f6\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1928\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/palvelumme\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Palvelut<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4725\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/forscale-hankekehittaminen-ja-skaalaus\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">ForScale: hankekehitys &#038; skaalaus<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2017\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/palvelumme\/verkkoaurinkovoima\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Verkkoaurinkovoima<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5335\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/konsultointi\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Konsultointi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-2922\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/hankkeemme\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Hankkeemme<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5422\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/foralgaeoy\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">ForAlgae Oy<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5049\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/hankkeemme\/biojalostus\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Biojalostus<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4770\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/hankkeemme\/hiilensidonta-jokiin\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Hiilensidonta jokiin<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4765\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/verkkoaurinkovoima\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Aurinkovoima<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1932\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/ajankohtaista\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Ajankohtaista<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1933\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/meista\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Meist\u00e4<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2555\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/avoimet-tyopaikat\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Avoimet ty\u00f6paikat<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1934\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/ota-yhteytta\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Ota yhteytt\u00e4<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"trp-language-switcher-container menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-language_switcher current-language-menu-item menu-item-2571\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2459\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span data-no-translation><span class=\"trp-ls-language-name\">EN<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"trp-language-switcher-container menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-language_switcher current-language-menu-item menu-item-2573\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2459\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span data-no-translation><span class=\"trp-ls-language-name\">FI<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7831cba7 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"7831cba7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-370325bc animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"370325bc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:500}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c3ecb3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c3ecb3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisin syyt ja ratkaisut<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd2eeab elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd2eeab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-63ae7711\" data-id=\"63ae7711\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-483250bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"483250bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Esit\u00e4n t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tekstiss\u00e4 diagnoosin s\u00e4hk\u00f6markkinoiden ongelmista, sek\u00e4 ehdotukset mahdollisista ratkaisuista.<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-365c0e71 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"365c0e71\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-298e6749\" data-id=\"298e6749\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eed9679 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eed9679\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Lukuaika 9 min<\/em><\/p><p>Aluksi k\u00e4yn lyhyesti l\u00e4pi s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinnanmuodostuksen periaatteet ja nykyisen s\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisin aiheuttajat. Mik\u00e4li asiat ovat sinulle tuttuja, hypp\u00e4\u00e4 rohkeasti kohtaan 3.\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>Argumentti p\u00e4hkin\u00e4nkuoressa:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Premissit:<\/strong><br \/>\u2013 Suurin osa s\u00e4hk\u00f6n kulutuksesta on kiinnitetty ja siksi s\u00e4hk\u00f6n kysynn\u00e4ss\u00e4 on hyvin v\u00e4h\u00e4n hintajoustoa.<br \/>\u2013 S\u00e4hk\u00f6n tarjonta on jo pakotettu joustamaan. Tuottajat ovat REMIT-s\u00e4\u00e4ntelyn perusteella velvoitettuja tarjoamaan kaiken tehon markkinoille, tuotantokustannuksilla perusteltuun hintaan.<\/p><p><strong>V\u00e4itt\u00e4m\u00e4:<\/strong><br \/>&gt; S\u00e4hk\u00f6n markkinahinta nousee astronomiseksi niille jotka joutuvat maksamaan markkinahinnan, koska suurin osa teollisuudesta ei maksa markkinahintaa eiv\u00e4tk\u00e4 siksi jousta kulutuksessaan.<\/p><p><strong>P\u00e4\u00e4telm\u00e4:<\/strong><br \/>\u2013 Ehdotan, ett\u00e4 asetetaan p\u00e4iv\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4, jolloin kiinnitysten sopijaosapuolille annetaan oikeus purkaa kiinnitykset. N\u00e4in markkinat saavat mahdollisuuden sopeutua muuttuneeseen toimintaymp\u00e4rist\u00f6\u00f6n. T\u00e4m\u00e4 johtaisi hintojen laskuun.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9e62a7d elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9e62a7d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ef977f\" data-id=\"5ef977f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-caa6be1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"caa6be1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1\/4 S\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinnanmuodostus<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ceb8beb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ceb8beb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Myyj\u00e4t tekev\u00e4t Nordpooliin tarjoukset kullekin tunnille erikseen ottaen huomioon s\u00e4hk\u00f6n tuottamisen kustannukset. Tuulivoimala on pakotettu tarjoamaan matalalla hinnalla, mutta maakaasuvoimala on pakotettu tarjoamaan vain jos hinta on riitt\u00e4v\u00e4n korkea kattamaan polttoaineet, p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6oikeudet ja muut toimintakulut. S\u00e4\u00e4tyv\u00e4 vesivoima vuorostaan laskee tarjouksiaan hyvin tarkkaan, altaan pinnan tason sek\u00e4 l\u00e4hitulevaisuuden sade- ja hintaennusteiden perusteella.<\/p><p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6n tarjontak\u00e4yr\u00e4\u00e4 s\u00e4\u00e4nnell\u00e4\u00e4n. Tuotannon tarjoaminen keinotekoiselle suorat ja v\u00e4lilliset kustannukset selv\u00e4sti ylitt\u00e4v\u00e4lle tasolle on kielletty (REMIT artiklat 2. ja 5.). Samaten on kielletty olla tarjoamatta markkinoille toimintakykyist\u00e4 voimalaa, jonka tuotantorajakustannus alittavat toteutuneen markkinahinnan (REMIT artikla 5.).<\/p><p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6n tuottajien tarjoukset asetetaan hintaj\u00e4rjestykseen ja n\u00e4in syntyy\u00a0<strong>\u2019tarjontak\u00e4yr\u00e4<\/strong>\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f9bdad0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f9bdad0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9eaaacd\" data-id=\"9eaaacd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4af4849e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4af4849e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.33.42-768x536.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2462\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.33.42-768x536.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.33.42-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.33.42-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.33.42.png 832w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51233717 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51233717\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18557d08\" data-id=\"18557d08\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e54591 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e54591\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Toisaalla ostajat ilmoittavat kullekin tunnille erikseen paljonko ja mihin hintaan ovat valmiita ostamaan s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4. Suurin osa ostajista on pakotettu ostamaan s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 hinnalla mill\u00e4 hyv\u00e4ns\u00e4, sill\u00e4 ovat tehneet j\u00e4lleenmyyntiasiakkaidensa kanssa sopimuksia, joiden perusteella heid\u00e4n on p\u00f6rssihinnasta v\u00e4litt\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00e4 pakko toimittaa kaikki s\u00e4hk\u00f6 mit\u00e4 asiakas kuluttaa.<\/p><p>Ostajat tekev\u00e4t pienen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n hinnalle ehdollisia ostotarjouksia perustuen ennusteisiin siit\u00e4, miten p\u00f6rssihintaa maksavat j\u00e4lleenmyyntiasiakkaat reagoivat hintoihin. Samoin tekev\u00e4t muutamat itselleen s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 ostavat ostajat raskaassa teollisuudessa. Vaikkapa typpielektrolyysin tarvitsema suuri teho asetetaan ehdollisena sille hinnalle, mill\u00e4 typpe\u00e4 kannattaa tuottaa.<\/p><p>Syntyy \u2019<strong>kysynt\u00e4k\u00e4yr\u00e4<\/strong>\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8264865 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8264865\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a048061\" data-id=\"a048061\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a99e38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1a99e38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"535\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.39.50-768x535.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2463\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.39.50-768x535.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.39.50-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.39.50-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.39.50.png 829w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-39cc388 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"39cc388\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7bfdc9d\" data-id=\"7bfdc9d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-085fa89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"085fa89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kun kysynt\u00e4 ja tarjontak\u00e4yr\u00e4 yhdistet\u00e4\u00e4n, selvi\u00e4\u00e4 mitk\u00e4 myyjien myyntitarjoukset meniv\u00e4t kaupaksi ja mitk\u00e4 eiv\u00e4t. Muodostuu aluehinta.<\/p><p>Yhden alueen hinta ennen tuontia\/vienti\u00e4:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e653ad6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e653ad6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2c057d\" data-id=\"a2c057d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe01959 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fe01959\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"556\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.46.53-768x556.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2464\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.46.53-768x556.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.46.53-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.46.53-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.46.53.png 829w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e35e2f7 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e35e2f7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2c0845\" data-id=\"a2c0845\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37d15ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37d15ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kaikki saavat ja tai maksavat lopulta saman markkinahinnan. Kyse on \u2019<strong>marginaalihinnoitellusta<\/strong>\u2019 kaupank\u00e4ynnist\u00e4. Kallein tarjous, joka oli pakko hyv\u00e4ksy\u00e4 jotta kysynt\u00e4 kohtaisi tarjonnan, asettaa hinnan kaikille. Samoin toimivat muut tavarap\u00f6rssit, vehn\u00e4p\u00f6rssi, \u00f6ljyp\u00f6rssi, ter\u00e4sp\u00f6rssi, maakaasup\u00f6rssi, hiilip\u00f6rssi, yms.<\/p><p>Marginaalihinnoittelun etuna kenell\u00e4k\u00e4\u00e4n myyj\u00e4ll\u00e4 tai ostajalla ei ole kannustimia yritt\u00e4\u00e4 tarjota omaa tuotantoaan \u2019ylihintaan\u2019. Jos kyseess\u00e4 olisi\u00a0<strong>\u2019pay-as-bid\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0-markkina, eli saat sen hinnan jolla tarjoat, silloin esimerkiksi tuulivoimalan kannattaisi tarjota tuotantonsa maakaasuvoimalan hintaan, jos se olettaa, ett\u00e4 hinta nousee jokatapauksessa sille tasolle. Toimijoiden kannattaa tarjota korkeimpaan hintaan vaikka se johtaisi siihen, ett\u00e4 joka kymmenes tarjous ei menisik\u00e4\u00e4n kaupaksi. Toisin sanoen toimijoilla olisi jokatapauksessa kannustin tarjota marginaalihintaa my\u00f6s pay-as-bid markkinalla. Marginaalihinnoittelu johtaa tutkitusti matalempiin hintoihin kuin \u2019pay-as-bid\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49d38cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49d38cb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66cc541\" data-id=\"66cc541\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ab66c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6ab66c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/thmb\/8Q3uEWWMCvnTNoKB3ibZ9kZQ5X0=\/1500x0\/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()\/marginal-cost-of-production-4193224-FINAL-1c530f2a6d1846cdaf442aff7b8d66eb.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/marginal-cost-of-production-4193224-FINAL-1c530f2a6d1846cdaf442aff7b8d66eb-pzj6edt83gv6upxghanui82918zjnhzd2vfhoirzy0.png\" title=\"marginal-cost-of-production-4193224-FINAL-1c530f2a6d1846cdaf442aff7b8d66eb\" alt=\"marginal-cost-of-production-4193224-FINAL-1c530f2a6d1846cdaf442aff7b8d66eb\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28ba81d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28ba81d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kuvan upotettu linkki: Investopedia<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-09c68b8 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"09c68b8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e0ff0e\" data-id=\"9e0ff0e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0258992 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0258992\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6p\u00f6rssi on hajautunut hinta-alueisiin, joiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4 on rajalliset siirtoyhteydet. Esimerkiksi jos yhden alueen aluehinta on 100\u20ac\/MWh, toisen 50\u20ac\/MWh ja alueiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4 on 1000MW siirtokapasiteetti, yhdistet\u00e4\u00e4n silloin eri alueilla annettuja osto- ja myyntitarjouksia tuon 1000MW rajoissa.<\/p><p>Toisen alueen hinta ennen tuontia\/vienti\u00e4.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3173c5d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3173c5d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f3724e3\" data-id=\"f3724e3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3de586 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d3de586\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"558\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.52.12-768x558.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2466\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.52.12-768x558.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.52.12-300x218.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.52.12-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.52.12.png 832w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a3a3a8b elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a3a3a8b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-712f37e\" data-id=\"712f37e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b64982c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b64982c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tarjouksia siirret\u00e4\u00e4n alueiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4 1000MW, jonka seurauksena kysynn\u00e4n ja tarjonnan tasapaino muuttuu molemmilla alueilla.<\/p><p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 viev\u00e4ll\u00e4 alueella hinta nousee 1000MW:ll\u00e4 uutta kulutusta:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5021564 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5021564\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdb84cd\" data-id=\"fdb84cd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a796d9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a796d9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.55.23-768x560.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2467\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.55.23-768x560.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.55.23-300x219.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.55.23-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.55.23.png 827w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-90baa80 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"90baa80\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5623b20\" data-id=\"5623b20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3830e9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3830e9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 tuovalla alueella hinta laskee 1000MW:ll\u00e4 uutta tuotantoa:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-db15fb2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"db15fb2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db7c7ee\" data-id=\"db7c7ee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64d53f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"64d53f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"556\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.56.58-768x556.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2468\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.56.58-768x556.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.56.58-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.56.58-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-11.56.58.png 832w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-330e5d2 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"330e5d2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1bc288\" data-id=\"f1bc288\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59f0c53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59f0c53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jos siirtokapasiteetin rajat eiv\u00e4t tule vastaan, alueiden v\u00e4lille toteutuu sama hinta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-662ff58 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"662ff58\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ebcb34\" data-id=\"3ebcb34\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c549616 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c549616\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/thmb\/hRKRiBQIt30G0Y-Mf_KTaWtMJ2M=\/1500x0\/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()\/dotdash_INV_final_Are_Marginal_Costs_Fixed_or_Variable_Costs_Jan_2021-01-f835f4a7ad1c4a6a8f7959bd70275d2f.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"244\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/dotdash_INV_final_Are_Marginal_Costs_Fixed_or_Variable_Costs_Jan_2021-01-f835f4a7ad1c4a6a8f7959bd70275d2f-768x244.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2469\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/dotdash_INV_final_Are_Marginal_Costs_Fixed_or_Variable_Costs_Jan_2021-01-f835f4a7ad1c4a6a8f7959bd70275d2f-768x244.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/dotdash_INV_final_Are_Marginal_Costs_Fixed_or_Variable_Costs_Jan_2021-01-f835f4a7ad1c4a6a8f7959bd70275d2f-300x95.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/dotdash_INV_final_Are_Marginal_Costs_Fixed_or_Variable_Costs_Jan_2021-01-f835f4a7ad1c4a6a8f7959bd70275d2f-1024x325.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/dotdash_INV_final_Are_Marginal_Costs_Fixed_or_Variable_Costs_Jan_2021-01-f835f4a7ad1c4a6a8f7959bd70275d2f-18x6.jpeg 18w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/dotdash_INV_final_Are_Marginal_Costs_Fixed_or_Variable_Costs_Jan_2021-01-f835f4a7ad1c4a6a8f7959bd70275d2f.jpeg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2c9e12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2c9e12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kuvan upotettu linkki: Ilta-Sanomat<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9a2a27a elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9a2a27a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1ed9885\" data-id=\"1ed9885\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9af96a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9af96a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u00e4in toimii s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinnanmuodostus. Se on harkittu ja toimiva j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4, joka on p\u00e4\u00e4piirteitt\u00e4in sama kuin kaikilla muillakin tavaramarkkinoilla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f1f9dc2 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f1f9dc2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f19a6c0\" data-id=\"f19a6c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-244cc44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"244cc44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2\/4 Mist\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisi Suomessa johtuu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef73c46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef73c46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6n korkealle hinnalle on kolme keskeist\u00e4 syyt\u00e4:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cfced1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cfced1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f274068\" data-id=\"f274068\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-187d4bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"187d4bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1. Ven\u00e4j\u00e4n tuonti on lopetettu<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84e8051 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"84e8051\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A) Suomen hinta-alue ei en\u00e4\u00e4 voi ostaa Ven\u00e4j\u00e4n hinta-alueelta halpaa s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4, jolloin hintatasapainomme j\u00e4\u00e4 korkeaksi.<br \/><br \/>B) Baltian hinta-alueet eiv\u00e4t nek\u00e4\u00e4n en\u00e4\u00e4 ostaa Ven\u00e4j\u00e4n hinta-alueelta. Heid\u00e4n hintatasapainonsa j\u00e4\u00e4 niin korkeaksi, ett\u00e4 ostavat s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 Suomesta samalla nostaen Suomen hintatasapainoa korkeammaksi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f5fee3c\" data-id=\"f5fee3c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-421f6de elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"421f6de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/is.mediadelivery.fi\/img\/468\/d076114ba45774bcc04677c2c4aaac00.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"468\" height=\"263\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Is-kuva-vena\u0308ja\u0308.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2470\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Is-kuva-vena\u0308ja\u0308.jpeg 468w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Is-kuva-vena\u0308ja\u0308-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Is-kuva-vena\u0308ja\u0308-18x10.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96a5804 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96a5804\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Kuvan upotettu linkki: Ilta-Sanomat<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d40857e elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d40857e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5bcde70\" data-id=\"5bcde70\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79818de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"79818de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2. Polttoaineiden hinnat ovat nousseet\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd85a5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd85a5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A) Ven\u00e4j\u00e4lt\u00e4 on tuotu Suomen energiapuusta jopa 66%, suuret osuudet hiilest\u00e4 ja \u00f6ljyst\u00e4, sek\u00e4 kaikki maakaasu. Kun polttoaineet hankitaan kalliimmalla, s\u00e4hk\u00f6ntuotannon kustannukset ja t\u00e4ten koko tarjontak\u00e4yr\u00e4n hintataso nousee.<br \/><br \/>B) Ven\u00e4l\u00e4inen tuotanto on merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 tekij\u00e4 energiatuotteiden maailmanmarkkinoiden hinnanmuodostuksessa. Seurauksena my\u00f6s niiden maiden s\u00e4hk\u00f6n tarjontak\u00e4yrien hintatasot ovat nousseet, joista Suomi tuo s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3df577d elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3df577d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6d80aab\" data-id=\"6d80aab\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47e8482 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"47e8482\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3. P\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6oikeuksien hinnat ovat nousseet<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f6850e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f6850e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Saadakseen luvallisesti tuottaa hiilest\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4, on hiilivoimalan ostettava hiilen lis\u00e4ksi p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6oikeuksia. Ven\u00e4j\u00e4lt\u00e4 tuomisen sijaan s\u00e4hk\u00f6 t\u00e4ytyy tuottaa EU:n sis\u00e4ll\u00e4 kasvattaen p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6oikeuksien kysynt\u00e4\u00e4 ja nostaen niiden hintaa.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0c9bf45 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0c9bf45\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-658fad6\" data-id=\"658fad6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67f3201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"67f3201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3\/4 Valuvika s\u00e4hk\u00f6markkinoilla\n<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb975d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb975d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Keskuspankit, vaikkakin kykenev\u00e4t painamaan tyhj\u00e4st\u00e4 rahaa, eiv\u00e4t kykene painamaan tyhj\u00e4st\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4, hiilt\u00e4, \u00f6ljy\u00e4 tai kaasua.<\/p><p>Mik\u00e4 neuvoksi?<\/p><p>Ratkaisun avaimet eiv\u00e4t ole tarjontak\u00e4yr\u00e4ss\u00e4, vaan kysynt\u00e4k\u00e4yr\u00e4ss\u00e4.<\/p><p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6n j\u00e4lleenmyyj\u00e4t myyv\u00e4t kuluttajille kiinte\u00e4hintaisia \u2019avoimen toimituksen\u2019 sopimuksia. Ulkoistaakseen riskin p\u00f6rssihinnan muutoksista Nordpoolissa, j\u00e4lleenmyyj\u00e4t ostavat kiinnityksi\u00e4 Nasdaqissa.<\/p><p>Kiinnityksen ostaja ly\u00f6 vetoa, ett\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinta on alle sovitun summan. Kiinnityksen myyj\u00e4 ly\u00f6 vetoa, ett\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinta on yli sovitun summan. Joka tunti vedon h\u00e4vi\u00e4j\u00e4 maksaa voittajalle Nordpoolissa toteutuvan hinnan ja Nasdaqissa sovitun hinnan erotuksen.<\/p><p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6n johdannaiskauppa Nasdaqissa mahdollistaa kuluttajille myyt\u00e4v\u00e4t kiinte\u00e4t sopimukset Nordpoolissa toteutuvista vaihtelevista hinnoista huolimatta. T\u00e4m\u00e4 aiheuttaa eritt\u00e4in joustamattoman s\u00e4hk\u00f6n kysynt\u00e4k\u00e4yr\u00e4n.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-66f055b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"66f055b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f324798\" data-id=\"f324798\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-201feb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"201feb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"535\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.34.54-768x535.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2471\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.34.54-768x535.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.34.54-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.34.54-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.34.54.png 832w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0c5bb7e elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0c5bb7e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44d005e\" data-id=\"44d005e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c829a30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c829a30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kun hintasignaali on rikki, toimijat eiv\u00e4t ohjaudu toimimaan sen mukaan mik\u00e4 on toimijoiden kokonaisuudelle arvokasta ja mik\u00e4 ei. Vapaiden markkinoiden idea ja hy\u00f6dyt vesittyv\u00e4t.<\/p><p>Taloustieteilij\u00e4t Ludvig von Mises ja Friedrich Hayek kuvasivat ongelmaa 1920-luvulla. Kysymys on taloustieteen slangissa nk. \u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/fi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talouslaskennan_ongelma\">Talouslaskennan ongelmasta<\/a>\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68e5489 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"68e5489\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-42b4978\" data-id=\"42b4978\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fb0374 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8fb0374\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.mises.org\/ox_image.PNG\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"603\" height=\"369\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ox_image.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2472\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ox_image.webp 603w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ox_image-300x184.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ox_image-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50ad1f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50ad1f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Upotettu linkki: Mises Institute<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-825c150 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"825c150\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d186c9b\" data-id=\"d186c9b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34bdf2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34bdf2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tien pieless\u00e4 asuu mummo, joka on juuri kiinnitt\u00e4nyt s\u00e4hk\u00f6ns\u00e4 kolmeksi vuodeksi 12 sentin \/ kWh m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4aikaisella sopimuksella. Hinta on noin kolmin tai nelinkertainen edellisen viiden vuoden keskiarvoon verrattuna. Talossa on 6kW s\u00e4hk\u00f6l\u00e4mmitin ja sis\u00e4ll\u00e4 16 astetta l\u00e4mmint\u00e4. Mummolla on sama insentiivi s\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 seuraavat vuodesta kolmeen vuotta oli s\u00e4hk\u00f6 sitten kallista tai halpaa.<\/p><p>Tien toisella puolella on kasvihuone, joka on muutama vuosi sitten kiinnitt\u00e4nyt suurimman osan s\u00e4hk\u00f6nhankinnastaan edullisesti monen vuoden ajaksi. Kurkuilla on 22 astetta l\u00e4mmint\u00e4 ja suurpainenatriumvalaisimet antavat huoneeseen 6MW teholla valos\u00e4teily\u00e4. S\u00e4hk\u00f6st\u00e4 maksetaan 4 sentti\u00e4 kilowattitunnilta. Yrityksen kurkkujen myynnist\u00e4 saama kate on 500 euroa p\u00e4iv\u00e4ss\u00e4. Jos p\u00e4iv\u00e4n p\u00f6rssihinta on 40 sentti\u00e4 kWh, ovat kiinnityksen myyj\u00e4n tappiot kurkun k\u00e4ytt\u00e4m\u00e4st\u00e4 valosta n. 51840\u20ac p\u00e4iv\u00e4ss\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4 on klassinen esimerkki \u2019talouslaskennan ongelmasta\u2019.<\/p><p>Jos s\u00e4hk\u00f6n kulutus joustaisi hinnan mukaan, veisimme ulkomaille 57600\u20ac:lla s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 ja maahantoisimme kurkut. Kun hintasignaali on rikki, markkinat eiv\u00e4t ohjaa toimintaa oikein. Lopputuloksena ostamme ulkomailta s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 suurella rahalla tuottaaksemme kurkkuja pienell\u00e4 rahalla.<\/p><p>Puolet kasvihuoneista on t\u00e4ksi talveksi luopunut tuotannosta, mutta toinen puoli, eli arviolta 80MW valaistusta, jatkaa l\u00e4pi talven vanhoilla edullisilla sopimuksilla. Vastaavasti samaan aikaan mets\u00e4-, metalli- ja kemianteollisuudessa tuotetaan muutamien kymmenien prosenttien katteella tuotteita, joista aiheutuu muualle kansantalouteen s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinnannousun seurauksena valtavat vaihtoehtoiskustannuskorjatut tappiot.<\/p><p><strong>Onnekkaasta ostokiinnityksest\u00e4 koituneet s\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6t ovat yht\u00e4lailla ansiottomia nk. \u2019windfall\u2019- tuottoja, kuin p\u00f6rssiriskin ottaneiden tuotantolaitosten myyntivoitot.<\/strong><\/p><p>Ulkomaankauppamme perustuu suurelta osin energianintensiivisiin matalan jalostusasteen tuotteisiin kuten selluun, ter\u00e4kseen, pahviin, paperiin ja puutavaraan. T\u00e4m\u00e4 kaikki tuotetaan merkitt\u00e4viss\u00e4 osin ulkomailta maahantuodulla s\u00e4hk\u00f6ll\u00e4. Syntyy syv\u00e4 lovi vaihtotaseeseen kun s\u00e4hk\u00f6 on eritt\u00e4in kallista, mutta halpojen tuotteiden valmistus ei jousta.<\/p><p>Erityisen kalliina p\u00e4iv\u00e4n\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6 uhkaa loppua kesken, mutta kummallakaan, ei mummolla, eik\u00e4 kasvihuoneella, ole kannustimia k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4 yht\u00e4\u00e4n sen v\u00e4hemp\u00e4\u00e4 kuin normaalinakaan p\u00e4iv\u00e4n\u00e4. Vastaavasti jos ensi vuonna s\u00e4hk\u00f6 on erityisen halpaa se ei helpota mummon ahdinkoa lainkaan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8597844 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8597844\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6694fa8\" data-id=\"6694fa8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86bba6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"86bba6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4\/4 L\u00e4\u00e4ke\n<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97046ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97046ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Valitettavasti min\u00e4k\u00e4\u00e4n en kykene tyhj\u00e4st\u00e4 painamaan s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4, hiilt\u00e4 enk\u00e4 kaasua. Enk\u00e4 ter\u00e4st\u00e4, paperia tai kurkkujakaan.<\/p><p>Jos otetaan tavoitteeksi, ett\u00e4 mahdollisimman moni pit\u00e4\u00e4 ty\u00f6paikkansa, mahdollisimman harva tehdas joudutaan sulkemaan ja s\u00e4hk\u00f6 maksaisi kuluttajille sen verran, ett\u00e4 se ei tapa, vaan vahvistaa. Silloin ehdotan seuraavaa:<\/p><p><strong>Puretaan kiinnitykset.<\/strong><\/p><p>Valtio julistaa h\u00e4t\u00e4tilan ja ilmoittaa, ett\u00e4 muutaman kuukauden p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4 kaikilla sopimusosapuolilla on oikeus halutessaan purkaa kaikki kyseiseen p\u00e4iv\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n menness\u00e4 allekirjoitetut kiinnityssopimukset. \u2019Force Majeure\u2019, aivan kuten arvopaperip\u00f6rssiss\u00e4 suljetaan kaupank\u00e4ynti villiintyneell\u00e4 osakkeella. Tuolla m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4p\u00e4iv\u00e4ll\u00e4 kiinnitysten myyj\u00e4t ja ostajat saavat halutessaan irtisanoa tappiolliset kiinnityssopimukset. Kaikki j\u00e4\u00e4v\u00e4t p\u00f6rssihinnan varaan tai solmivat uudet t\u00e4m\u00e4nhetkiseen markkinatilanteeseen p\u00e4ivittyneet kiinnitykset.<\/p><p>T\u00e4m\u00e4 sopeuttaisi markkinat muuttuneeseen toimintaymp\u00e4rist\u00f6\u00f6n ja puuttuminen sopimusvapauteen olisi paljon kevyempi, kuin t\u00e4h\u00e4n menness\u00e4 esitetyt eri puolueiden autorit\u00e4\u00e4ris-populistiset esitykset velvoites\u00e4hk\u00f6-hintakatoista, tai v\u00e4ist\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00f6m\u00e4n ep\u00e4oikeudenmukaisesti jakautuvista windfall-veroista.<\/p><p>Seurauksena kiinnitysten purkautumisesta todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isesti ne tehtaat, jotka ovat varmimpia siit\u00e4 ettei oma tuotanto ole s\u00e4hk\u00f6n markkinahinnan arvoista, \u00e4\u00e4nest\u00e4v\u00e4t itse itsens\u00e4 kiinni. Seurauksena s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinta putoaa kuin kivi. Markkinat toimivat.<\/p><p>Nykyinen kysynt\u00e4k\u00e4yr\u00e4:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9a74f77 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9a74f77\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-46fac8d\" data-id=\"46fac8d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4732513 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4732513\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.39.03-768x536.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2473\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.39.03-768x536.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.39.03-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.39.03-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.39.03.png 831w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-92b8e99 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"92b8e99\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c748f33\" data-id=\"c748f33\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fdfb23 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4fdfb23\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kysynt\u00e4k\u00e4yr\u00e4 ilman kiinnityksi\u00e4:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f8efa14 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f8efa14\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44e7a55\" data-id=\"44e7a55\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4c422b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e4c422b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"558\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.06.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2474\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.06.png 830w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.06-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.06-768x536.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.06-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5c25d42 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5c25d42\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da0ea7c\" data-id=\"da0ea7c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd950af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fd950af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hinnan muutos kiinnitysten purkamisen seurauksena:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9e6e606 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9e6e606\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bc2d48e\" data-id=\"bc2d48e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bff803 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3bff803\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"587\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.45.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2475\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.45.png 829w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.45-300x220.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.45-768x563.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Screen-Shot-2022-12-22-at-12.40.45-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-791b9f6 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"791b9f6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7bda72d\" data-id=\"7bda72d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-235e464 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"235e464\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ihmiset ja yritykset olisivat vapaita solmimaan uusia kiinnityksi\u00e4, mutta p\u00e4ivittyneill\u00e4 hinnoilla. Ylikiinnitt\u00e4minen on ongelma my\u00f6s pidemm\u00e4ll\u00e4 aikav\u00e4lill\u00e4, mutta sen est\u00e4minen vaatisi niin syv\u00e4\u00e4 puuttumista sopimusvapauteen mahdollisten kiertoteiden tukkimiseksi, ett\u00e4 ongelman ratkaisu v\u00e4kipakolla synnytt\u00e4isi vain uusia ongelmia.<\/p><p>Kiinnitysten purkamisen seurauksena syntyisi lomautuksia, mahdollisesti konkursseja, ty\u00f6tt\u00f6myytt\u00e4.<\/p><p>Jos kiinnityksi\u00e4 ei pureta syntyy niinik\u00e4\u00e4n konkursseja, lomautuksia ja ty\u00f6tt\u00f6myytt\u00e4, vain hidastetusti. Alkaa ven\u00e4l\u00e4inen ruletti. Sit\u00e4 mukaa kun yritysten kiinnitykset v\u00e4ist\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00e4 purkautuvat, kannattavimmatkin ajatuvat tilanteeseen, jossa heid\u00e4n on pakko leikata ja sulkea tuotantoa.<\/p><p>Muiden edelleen kiinteist\u00e4 hinnoista nauttivien joustamattomuuden takia s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinta on oikeita markkinahintoja maksavalle v\u00e4hemmist\u00f6lle astronominen. Moni yritys on jo nyt t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tilanteessa.<\/p><p>Toistan:<br \/><br \/><strong>Jos kiinnitykset puretaan, tuotantoa leikataan siin\u00e4 j\u00e4rjestyksess\u00e4 miss\u00e4 tuotannon tuottama arvonlis\u00e4 suhteessa s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hintaan on pienin.<br \/><br \/>Jos kiinnityksi\u00e4 ei pureta, tuotantoa leikataan siin\u00e4 j\u00e4rjestyksess\u00e4 kenen kiinnityssopimus p\u00e4\u00e4ttyy ensimm\u00e4isen\u00e4.<\/strong><br \/><br \/><strong>J\u00e4lkimm\u00e4inen vaihtoehto antaa v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n kannattavan tuotannon sy\u00f6d\u00e4 enemm\u00e4n kannattavan tuotannon toimintaedellytykset. Se, ett\u00e4 emme purkaisi kiinnityksi\u00e4 olisi Suomelle ja suomalaisille paljon vahingollisempaa kuin kiinnitysten purkaminen.<\/strong><\/p><p>Kiinnitysten purkaminen pakottaa kaikki samaan aikaan maksamaan samaa p\u00f6rssihintaa, mutta kun kaikki kuluttajat joutuvat \u00e4\u00e4nest\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n euroillaan, ei hinta en\u00e4\u00e4 voi nousta tasolle, jota kuluttajat eiv\u00e4t olisi valmiita maksamaan.<\/p><p>Nyt hinta on astronominen vain, koska suurin osa ei \u00e4\u00e4nest\u00e4 euroillaan, vaan maksattavat omat kulunsa kiinnityksen myyj\u00e4ll\u00e4. Jos hinta jouduttaisiin maksamaan itse, olisi heti itse kullekin selv\u00e4\u00e4 onko oma k\u00e4ytt\u00f6kohde sellaisen resurssin arvoinen, josta on huutava pula. Ja muistutan, ett\u00e4 kuluttajilla t\u00e4ss\u00e4 yhteydess\u00e4 tarkoitan etup\u00e4\u00e4ss\u00e4 teollisuutta, koska etup\u00e4\u00e4ss\u00e4 teollisuus asettaa s\u00e4hk\u00f6n kysynt\u00e4k\u00e4yr\u00e4n joustavan osan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c48d47c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c48d47c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc02113\" data-id=\"fc02113\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce0c55e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ce0c55e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"764\" height=\"435\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Tilastokeskus-sa\u0308hko\u0308nkulutus-sektoreittain.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2476\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Tilastokeskus-sa\u0308hko\u0308nkulutus-sektoreittain.png 764w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Tilastokeskus-sa\u0308hko\u0308nkulutus-sektoreittain-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Tilastokeskus-sa\u0308hko\u0308nkulutus-sektoreittain-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 764px) 100vw, 764px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46f596e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"46f596e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u00e4hde: Tilastokeskus: S\u00e4hk\u00f6n kulutus sektoreittain 2019<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d33e12 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d33e12\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bf728e6\" data-id=\"bf728e6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-575b41e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"575b41e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En vastusta sit\u00e4, ett\u00e4 yksityisi\u00e4 kuluttajia tuetaan vaikeassa tilanteessa. Pohjoismaisen hyvinvointivaltiomallin mukaan valtio antaa ensin vapaiden markkinoiden toimia ja vasta j\u00e4lkik\u00e4teen s\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4\u00e4 lopputulemia tulonsiirroilla. T\u00e4m\u00e4n p\u00e4iv\u00e4n velka on pois huomisen palveluista, mutta tuki on v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n tehottomuutta aiheuttavaa kuin suora puuttuminen. Nyt kuitenkin on poikkeustilanne ja jonkinlainen tarkkaan harkittu puuttuminen voi olla perusteltua.<\/p><p>Kiinnitykset jokatapauksessa lopulta purkautuvat.\u00a0<strong>Kysymys on siit\u00e4, kuinka paljon kipua ja vahinkoa aiheutetaan niille, joiden kiinnitykset purkautuvat ensimm\u00e4isin\u00e4.<\/strong><\/p><p><em>\u201dHyv\u00e4n ja huonon ekonomistin ero muodostuu siit\u00e4, ett\u00e4 toinen huomioi vain n\u00e4kyv\u00e4n vaikutuksen; toinen huomioi sek\u00e4 n\u00e4kym\u00e4tt\u00f6m\u00e4t, ett\u00e4 ne jotka on tarpeen ennaltan\u00e4hd\u00e4.\u00a0<\/em>E<em>ro on valtava, sill\u00e4 l\u00e4hes aina kun nopea vaikutus on my\u00f6nteinen, on lopullinen vaikutus vahingollinen ja p\u00e4invastoin. Seurauksena huono ekonomisti pyrkii pieneen hy\u00f6tyyn nykyhetkess\u00e4, jota seuraa suuri vahinko tulevaisuudessa, kun taas oikea ekonomisti pyrkii suureen hyv\u00e4\u00e4n tulevaisuudessa, riskeeraamalla pienen vahingon nykyhetkess\u00e4.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Bastiat (1850)<\/p><p><strong>L\u00e4hteet:<\/strong><br \/>von Mises, Ludvig (1920):\u00a0<em>\u2019Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth\u2019<\/em><br \/>Bastiat, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric (1850):\u00a0<em>\u2019That Which Is Seen, and That Which Is Not Seen\u2019<\/em><\/p><p><strong>Tekstin alkuper\u00e4inen l\u00e4hde:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/mikaelmarisa.com\/2022\/12\/16\/sahkon-hinta\/\">https:\/\/mikaelmarisa.com\/2022\/12\/16\/sahkon-hinta\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-699d65c2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"699d65c2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a1eb01\" data-id=\"5a1eb01\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd67a1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd67a1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kirjoittaja<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f3137e2 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2f3137e2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-331af5d5\" data-id=\"331af5d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90bc0d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"90bc0d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mikael-231x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-1588\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mikael-231x300.jpg 231w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mikael-789x1024.jpg 789w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mikael-768x997.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mikael-1184x1536.jpg 1184w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mikael-1578x2048.jpg 1578w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mikael-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mikael-scaled.jpg 1973w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 231px) 100vw, 231px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c056a13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c056a13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-3894447 ); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 1rem;\"><b>Mikael Marisa<br \/><\/b>Consultant, Forus Oy<\/span><\/p><p>mikael@forus.fi<\/p><p>+358 40 838 8259<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5cc23937\" data-id=\"5cc23937\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63a5cd52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63a5cd52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-3894447 ); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 1rem;\"><b>Ota yhteytt\u00e4 kirjoittajaan!<\/b><br><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45567f25 elementor-button-align-stretch elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"45567f25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"New Form\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"2459\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"45567f25\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"Forus\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-name elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYritys\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[name]\" id=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Yritys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-email elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tS\u00e4hk\u00f6postiosoite\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[email]\" id=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"S\u00e4hk\u00f6postiosoite\" required=\"required\" aria-required=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-message elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tViestisi\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" rows=\"4\" placeholder=\"Viestisi\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-recaptcha_v3 elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_6a3f4e4 elementor-col-100 recaptcha_v3-bottomright\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field\" id=\"form-field-field_6a3f4e4\"><div class=\"elementor-g-recaptcha\" data-sitekey=\"6LecSNUlAAAAAJHzeF3D78lV7Ev4aww5oG0pM9BD\" data-type=\"v3\" data-action=\"Form\" data-badge=\"bottomright\" data-size=\"invisible\"><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">L\u00e4het\u00e4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-63c5cd6c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"63c5cd6c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ad3d741\" data-id=\"4ad3d741\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-288da3db elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"288da3db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"858\" height=\"223\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-forus_valk-1.png\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048 wp-image-19\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-forus_valk-1.png 858w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-forus_valk-1-300x78.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-forus_valk-1-768x200.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 858px) 100vw, 858px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-403ee594 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"403ee594\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Erottajankatu 5, 3. krs, 170-2.<br>00130 Helsinki<br><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-224267cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"224267cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Tietosuojaseloste<\/span><br \/>\u00a9 Forus Oy<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisin syyt ja ratkaisut Esit\u00e4n t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tekstiss\u00e4 diagnoosin s\u00e4hk\u00f6markkinoiden ongelmista, sek\u00e4 ehdotukset mahdollisista ratkaisuista. Lukuaika 9 min Aluksi k\u00e4yn lyhyesti l\u00e4pi s\u00e4hk\u00f6n hinnanmuodostuksen periaatteet ja nykyisen s\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisin aiheuttajat. Mik\u00e4li asiat ovat sinulle tuttuja, hypp\u00e4\u00e4 rohkeasti kohtaan 3.\u00a0 Argumentti p\u00e4hkin\u00e4nkuoressa: Premissit:\u2013 Suurin osa s\u00e4hk\u00f6n kulutuksesta on kiinnitetty ja siksi s\u00e4hk\u00f6n kysynn\u00e4ss\u00e4 on hyvin v\u00e4h\u00e4n hintajoustoa.\u2013 S\u00e4hk\u00f6n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_canvas","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2459","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>S\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisin syyt ja ratkaisut - Forus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forus.fi\/fi\/sahkokriisin-syyt-ja-ratkaisut\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fi_FI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisin syyt ja ratkaisut - Forus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"S\u00e4hk\u00f6kriisin syyt ja ratkaisut Esit\u00e4n t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tekstiss\u00e4 diagnoosin s\u00e4hk\u00f6markkinoiden ongelmista, sek\u00e4 ehdotukset mahdollisista ratkaisuista. 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